What does deontology focus on in determining morality?

Deontology is a moral philosophy that emphasizes the importance of rules and duties in determining the morality of actions. It posits that actions are morally right or wrong based on whether they adhere to certain rules or ethical principles, rather than being judged solely by their consequences. This means that deontological theories prioritize the intrinsic morality of actions themselves, regardless of the outcomes they may produce. For example, a deontologist would argue that some actions are morally obligatory or impermissible based on established norms or duties, such as honesty or keeping promises.

By focusing on principles and the obligation to act according to those rules, deontology contrasts with consequentialist theories, which assess the morality of actions based primarily on their outcomes or the overall good they produce. Therefore, understanding that deontology is about rules and duties helps clarify its distinct approach to ethical decision-making.